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California Land Use & Development Law Report

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California Land Use & Development Law Report

California Land Use & Development Law Report offers insights into legal issues relating to development and use of land and federal, state and local permitting and approval processes.

Fairfield
September 16, 2025

First District Court of Appeal Clarifies Limits on “Grandfathered” Local Assessments Under Proposition 218

The First District Court of Appeal’s recent published opinion in Thacker v. City of Fairfield, 113 Cal. App.

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Forest
August 21, 2025 NEPA

Cumulative Impacts Analysis of Forest Thinning Project Inadequate Under NEPA

The Ninth Circuit held that the Forest Service’s substantial reduction of a forest thinning project between the Draft and Final EAs did not require repeating the public comment process or considering new alternatives under NEPA. However, it found the Forest Service violated NEPA by failing to adequately analyze cumulative impacts in conjunction with a related project.

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Oaks
August 20, 2025 CEQA

Catch-All Provision in County Application Checklist Violated Permit Streamlining Act

A Court of Appeal held that a provision in the County of Amador’s checklist for an encroachment permit requiring "[o]ther information as may be required" violated the Permit Streamlining Act. Old Golden Oaks LLC v. County of Amador, 111 Cal.App.5th 794 (2025).

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Housing
August 20, 2025

Failure to Timely Join an Indispensable Party Identified After CEQA Suit was Filed Mandated Dismissal

The Court of Appeal held upheld the dismissal of a CEQA action for failure to timely name a developer that became a real party in interest during the pendency of the action. Citizens for a Better Eureka v. City of Eureka, 111 Cal.App.5th 1114 (2025).

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predator management
August 19, 2025

Environmental Assessment for Predator Management Program Violated NEPA

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ruled that the United States Department of Agriculture did not comply with the National Environmental Policy Act in approving a predator management program for certain wilderness areas in Nevada.  Wildearth Guardians v. U.S. Department of Agriculture, 135 F.4th 717 (9th Cir. 2025). 

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Oil Drill
July 22, 2025

Failure to Explain Selection of Project Alternative Violated NEPA and APA

The Ninth Circuit held that the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) acted arbitrarily and capriciously by failing to explain in its Record of Decision why it selected a project alternative that did not meet the development standard that it used to eliminate other alternatives.

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Oakland
May 26, 2025 Subdivision Map Act

Pre-1972 Conveyance of Multiple Lots Did Not Create Separate Legal Parcels Under Map Act

Under the Subdivision Map Act, the creation of legal parcels prior to 1972 requires more than a deed referencing multiple lots—only a conveyance that separates a portion of land from contiguous property creates a new legal parcel. Cox v. City of Oakland, 17 Cal.5th 362 (2025).

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City of San Diego
May 23, 2025 CEQA

VMT Thresholds Must Be Based on Substantial Evidence Specific to Local Conditions

The County of San Diego’s thresholds for exempting certain projects from vehicle miles traveled (VMT) analysis were not supported by substantial evidence showing they were appropriate specifically for the County. Cleveland National Forest Foundation v. County of San Diego, No. D083555 (4th Dist., Apr. 28, 2025).

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court
April 17, 2025

Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies Not Required for Challenge to Municipal Sewer and Trash Fees

The Court of Appeal held that petitioners challenging a city’s sewer and trash fees were not required to pay fees under protest or otherwise exhaust administrative remedies. Carachure v. City of Azusa, 110 Cal.App.5th 776 (2025).

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Self-driving car
April 16, 2025

CPUC Did Not Abuse its Discretion in Issuing a Driverless AV Deployment Permit for Fared Passenger Service to Waymo

The California Public Utilities Commission did not abuse its discretion in issuing a Phase I driverless AV deployment permit to Waymo to operate fared passenger service in San Francisco and parts of San Mateo County.

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Ship
February 16, 2025 CEQA

Environmental Assessment Adequately Analyzed Safety Hazards and Cumulative Impacts of CARB Control Measure for Ocean-Going Vessels

In Western States Petroleum Association v. California Air Resources Board, 108 Cal. App. 5th 938 (2025), the Court of Appeal upheld CARB’s Control Measure for Ocean-Going Vessels at Berth, rejecting arguments that the regulation was technologically infeasible, inadequately supported by evidence, or improperly evaluated under CEQA. 

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Yachts
January 31, 2025

Challenge to Port Lease of Public Trust Land to Private Yacht Club Barred By 90-Day Statute of Limitations

The Court of Appeal held that the San Diego Unified Port District’s lease of public trust lands to a private yacht club was a discretionary act not subject to traditional mandamus, and that petitioner’s claim for administrative mandamus was barred by the 90-day statute of limitations. Herron v. San Diego Unified Port Dist., 109 Cal. App. 5th 1 (2025)

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Los Angeles
December 30, 2024 CEQA

Approval of Class 32 Exemption Invalid Without Analysis of Project Consistency with Redevelopment Plan

The Court of Appeal held that before issuing a CEQA Class 32 exemption, the City of Los Angeles was required to assess whether the project was consistent not only with the applicable zoning ordinance but also with the area’s redevelopment plan. West Adams Heritage Assn. v. City of Los Angeles, 106 Cal. App. 5th 395 (2024).

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Electric Truck
December 30, 2024 CEQA

CARB's Rejection of Low-NoX Alternative When Adopting Advance Clean Trucks Regulation Did Not Violate CEQA

In California Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition v. State Air Resources Board, 105 Cal. App. 5th 304 (2024), the court upheld the Advanced Clean Trucks Regulation (“Regulation”), holding that the California Air Resources Board did not violate CEQA or the Administrative Procedure Act when it rejected the California Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition’s proposal for a low-NOx vehicle alternative.

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Grape Vines
December 26, 2024 CEQA

Amendment of Specific Plan to Include Ban on New Vineyards Did Not Destabilize Project Description Under CEQA

A change from heavy regulation of vineyards to a complete ban on new vineyards did not so destabilize the original project description as to amount to a prejudicial abuse of discretion and require a new EIR. Gooden v. County of Los Angeles, 106 Cal.App.5th 1 (2024). 

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